In Ontario, OHIP (Ontario Health Insurance Plan) typically covers consultations with physicians, including family doctors and specialists, for medically necessary services. This coverage extends to consultations related to various health concerns, including acne treatment, if deemed necessary by the physician.

For patients with an invalid/expired health card or for patients who do not have a health card, there would be a consultation fee.

Yes, we accept all major insurance plans for international students and uninsured individuals. Direct billing is available with our affiliated insurance partners. Coverage and eligibility vary by insurer. Please check your policy for coverage eligibility. For non-affiliated insurance partners, patients are required to pay a consultation fee. A receipt will be issued for you to reimburse to your insurance company for assessment of reimbursement.

Migraines are a type of headache characterized by intense, throbbing pain, typically located on one side of the head. They can also be accompanied by symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light and sound. Unlike regular headaches, migraines often last from a few hours to several days and can significantly interfere with daily activities. They are thought to be caused by changes in the brain's chemistry, blood flow, and nerve activity, though exact mechanisms remain complex and individualized.

The exact cause of migraines is not fully understood, but several factors are believed to contribute. Genetics play a significant role, as migraines can run in families. Triggers can vary widely among individuals and may include hormonal changes (especially in women), certain foods and beverages (like aged cheese, chocolate, caffeine, and alcohol), stress, lack of sleep, and environmental factors such as bright lights or strong smells. Additionally, some people may experience migraines in response to weather changes.

Migraines are often preceded by an "aura," which can include visual disturbances, such as flashes of light or blind spots, as well as sensory changes like tingling or numbness. The headache itself is usually severe and can be throbbing in nature. Accompanying symptoms often include nausea, vomiting, and heightened sensitivity to sensory stimuli, such as light, sound, and smell. Some individuals may also experience fatigue or difficulty concentrating after a migraine attack, a phase known as the postdrome or "migraine hangover."

Diagnosis typically involves a detailed medical history and symptom evaluation conducted by a healthcare provider. They may ask about the frequency, duration, and intensity of the headaches, as well as any accompanying symptoms. In some cases, imaging tests, such as MRI or CT scans, may be used to rule out other conditions. A headache diary can be helpful for tracking triggers and patterns, aiding the diagnosis.

Treatment for migraines generally falls into two categories: acute treatments and preventive strategies. Acute treatments, such as over-the-counter pain relievers (like ibuprofen or acetaminophen) and prescription medications (such as triptans), aim to alleviate symptoms during an attack. Preventive treatments, which may include botox, medications like beta-blockers, antidepressants, or anticonvulsants, are intended to reduce the frequency and severity of attacks. Lifestyle modifications, such as stress management, regular sleep patterns, and trigger avoidance, can also play a crucial role in migraine management.

Yes, lifestyle changes can have a significant impact on migraine management. Maintaining a regular sleep schedule, staying hydrated, eating balanced meals, and managing stress through techniques like yoga, meditation, or exercise can help reduce the frequency of attacks. Identifying and avoiding personal triggers—whether they be certain foods, hormonal changes, or environmental factors—can also lead to fewer migraines. Keeping a headache diary can aid in identifying these triggers.

You should consult a healthcare provider if you experience migraines that are frequent, severe, or debilitating. Additionally, if your migraine patterns change, or if you experience unusual symptoms (such as sudden visual disturbances, confusion, or difficulty speaking), it is crucial to seek medical attention to rule out more serious conditions. A healthcare provider can help determine the best treatment plan and offer guidance on effective management strategies.